Courtney Brown, Ph.D.

libname windata 'c:\';
* YOU WILL WANT TO CHANGE THE DIRECTORY IN THE LINE ABOVE TO BE
* THE PLACE WHERE YOU WANT SAS TO SAVE THE DATA SET;
* IF YOU LEAVE IT THE WAY IT IS, THE DATA SET WILL BE LEFT
* ON THE ROOT DIRECTORY OF YOUR HARD DRIVE;
**********************************************************;
* CLASS, NOTE THAT IF YOU BEGIN A LINE WITH AN ASTERISK *
* THEN YOU CAN PUT NOTES IN YOUR PROGRAM FILES. THIS IS
* LIKE A COMMENT CARD IN SPSS. HOWEVER, REMEMBER
* TO EVENTUALLY PUT A FINAL SEMICOLON AT THE END OF YOUR COMMENTS.;
***********************************************************;
* NOTE THAT I INDENT SOME STATEMENTS. THIS
* IS JUST FOR NEATNESS.;
***********************************************************;
* COPYRIGHT (c) Courtney Brown 2004, All Rights Reserved;
* Permission granted to use this file and computer code for any nonprofit and
* educational purposes, including classroom instruction.
* No further permission required.
* Please cite source as "From www.courtneybrown.com";
***********************************************************;
DATA POLITICS;
INPUT YEAR RCONG DCONG RPRES DPRES G
PRCONT PDCONT TOTPRES TOTCONG
RREP DREP;
CARDS;
1896 6845 6339 7102246 6492599 1 1 0 13907 14652 244 105
1898 5258 5373 . . 0 1 0 . 11513 204 113
1900 6973 6086 7218491 6356734 1 1 0 13968 13626 185 163
1902 5250 4980 . . 0 1 0 . 10654 197 151
1904 6837 5298 7628461 5084223 1 1 0 13521 12697 208 178
1906 5350 4659 . . 0 1 0 . 10552 250 136
1908 6975 6466 7675320 6412294 1 1 0 14884 14021 222 164
1910 5427 5536 . . 0 1 0 . 11669 219 172
1912 6602 6128 3486720 6296547 1 0 1 15037 13517 161 228
1914 5650 5727 . . 0 0 1 . 13275 127 291
1916 7810 7468 8533507 9127695 1 0 1 18531 16140 196 230
1918 6600 5421 . . 0 0 1 . 12579 210 216
1920 14773 9038 16143407 9130328 1 1 0 26748 25214 240 190
1922 10548 9131 . . 0 1 0 . 20409 301 131
1924 14932 10845 15718211 8385283 1 1 0 29086 26884 225 205
1926 11643 8284 . . 0 1 0 . 20435 247 183
1928 19163 14361 21391993 15016169 1 1 0 36812 33906 237 195
1930 13032 11044 . . 0 1 0 . 24777 267 167
1932 15575 20540 15758901 22809638 1 0 1 39732 37657 214 220
1934 13558 17385 . . 0 0 1 . 32256 117 310
1936 17003 23944 16674665 27752869 1 0 1 45643 42886 103 319
1938 17047 17612 . . 0 0 1 . 36236 89 331
1940 21393 24092 22321018 27307819 1 0 1 49891 46951 164 261
1942 14203 12934 . . 0 0 1 . 28074 162 268
1944 21303 22808 22014745 25606585 1 0 1 47969 45103 208 218
1946 18400 15221 . . 0 0 1 . 34398 190 242
1948 20920 23820 21991291 24179345 1 0 1 48794 45933 245 188
1950 19750 19785 . . 0 0 1 . 40342 171 263
1952 28470 28715 33936234 27314992 1 1 0 61551 57723 199 234
1954 20095 22453 . . 0 1 0 . 42749 221 211
1956 28533 29951 35590472 26022752 1 1 0 62034 58610 203 232
1958 19565 25306 . . 0 1 0 . 44984 200 233
1960 28625 34222 34108157 34226731 1 0 1 68838 63110 153 283
1962 24021 26467 . . 0 0 1 . 50634 174 263
1964 28288 38549 27178188 43129566 1 0 1 70645 67154 177 258
1966 25635 27044 . . 0 0 1 . 53143 140 295
1968 32142 33244 31785480 31275166 1 1 0 73212 66285 187 247
1970 24415 28923 . . 0 1 0 . 54173 192 243
1972 33104 36828 47170000 29170000 1 1 0 77719 71270 180 254
1974 21281 30159 . . 0 1 0 . 52391 192 239
1976 31242 41741 39146000 40829000 1 0 1 81556 74262 144 291
1978 24849 29688 . . 0 0 1 . 55332 143 292
1980 37370 39338 43904000 35484000 1 1 0 86515 77995 157 276
1982 27799 35696 . . 0 1 0 . 64514 192 243
1984 38956 43539 54455075 37577185 1 1 0 92653 83231 182 253
1986 26532 32540 . . 0 1 0 . 59619 177 258
1988 37175 43662 48886097 41809074 1 1 0 91594 81786 174 259
;
DATA POLITICS;SET;
IF YEAR=1912 THEN TR=4118571;ELSE TR=0;
ARRAY Z RPRES DPRES TOTPRES;
DO OVER Z;
IF Z=. THEN Z=0;
END;
PROC SORT;BY YEAR;
DATA ECONOMIC;
INPUT YEAR INFLAT PREVINFL PREVGNP
GNP TOTPOP18 ELIGIBLE;
CARDS;
1896 25 25 62.6 61.3 40981 19332
1898 25 25 67.1 68.6 43180 20175
1900 25 25 74.8 76.9 45379 21018
1902 26 25 85.7 86.5 47578 22188
1904 27 26 90.8 89.7 49792 23358
1906 27 27 96.3 107.5 52224 24528
1908 27 28 109.2 100.2 54660 25698
1910 28 29 116.8 120.1 57346 26868
1912 29 28 123.2 130.2 59387 27744
1914 30.1 29.7 131.4 125.6 61907 28620
1916 32.7 30.4 124.5 134.3 63811 29496
1918 45.1 38.4 135.2 151.8 64092 30372
1920 60.0 51.8 146.4 140.0 66839 61235
1922 50.2 53.6 127.8 148.0 69102 63297
1924 51.2 51.1 165.9 165.5 72035 65914
1926 53.0 52.5 179.4 190.0 74619 68244
1928 51.3 52.0 189.8 190.9 77325 70701
1930 50.0 51.3 203.6 183.5 80069 73256
1932 40.9 45.6 169.3 144.2 82295 75411
1934 40.1 38.8 141.5 154.3 84553 77619
1936 41.5 41.1 169.5 193.0 86791 79825
1938 42.2 43.0 203.2 192.9 89073 81978
1940 42.0 41.6 209.4 227.2 91763 84429
1942 48.8 44.1 263.7 297.8 94489 87151
1944 52.7 51.8 337.1 361.3 97153 89976
1946 58.5 53.9 355.2 312.6 99501 92595
1948 72.1 66.9 309.9 323.7 102066 95265
1950 72.1 71.4 324.1 355.3 104624 97998
1952 79.5 77.8 383.4 395.1 106683 100446
1954 80.5 80.1 412.8 407.0 108739 102459
1956 81.4 80.2 438.0 446.1 110956 104500
1958 86.6 84.3 452.5 447.3 113139 106394
1960 88.7 87.3 475.9 487.7 116146 108856
1962 90.6 89.6 497.2 529.8 119412 111063
1964 92.9 92.9 551.0 581.1 122206 113844
1966 97.2 94.5 617.8 658.1 126665 116523
1968 104.2 100.0 675.2 706.6 130815 120098
1970 116.3 109.8 725.6 722.5 135290 135290
1972 125.3 121.3 745.4 790.4 140920 140920
1974 147.7 133.1 839.2 829.0 146550 146550
1976 170.5 161.2 832.2 872.6 152180 152180
1978 195.4 181.5 915.1 959.1 157810 157810
1980 246.8 217.4 963.2 923.5 164055 164055
1982 289.1 272.4 940.4 919.3 169497 169497
1984 311.1 298.4 958.9 1051 174939 174939
1986 . . . . 178482 178482
1988 . . . . 182628 182628
;

PROC SORT;BY YEAR;
DATA USPARTY;MERGE POLITICS ECONOMIC;BY YEAR;

DATA windata.USPARTY;SET;
ARRAY A3 RCONG DCONG TOTPOP18 ELIGIBLE TOTPRES TOTCONG;
DO OVER A3;
A3=A3*1000;
END;
*RPRES=RPRES+TR;
ARRAY A RCONG DCONG RPRES DPRES TOTCONG TOTPRES TR;
ARRAY B MRCONG MDCONG MRPRES MDPRES MTOTCONG MTOTPRES MTR;
DO OVER A;
B=A/ELIGIBLE;
END;
ARRAY U9 RCONG DCONG RPRES DPRES TOTCONG TOTPRES TR;
ARRAY U8 VRCONG VDCONG VRPRES VDPRES VTOTCONG VTOTPRES VTR;
DO OVER U9;
U8=U9/TOTCONG;
END;
LMRCONG=LAG(MRCONG);LMDCONG=LAG(MDCONG);
LRREP=LAG(RREP);LDREP=LAG(DREP);
REPRATIO=(RREP-DREP)/(RREP+DREP);
DRATIO=DREP/(RREP+DREP);
RRATIO=RREP/(RREP+DREP);
REPSHIFT=((RREP-LRREP)-(DREP-LDREP))/(RREP+DREP);
IF YEAR LT 1920 THEN MRATIO1=TOTCONG/ELIGIBLE;ELSE MRATIO1=0;
IF YEAR GE 1920 THEN MRATIO2=TOTCONG/ELIGIBLE;ELSE MRATIO2=0;
ON=G;
IF YEAR LT 1920 THEN ONR1=G;ELSE ONR1=0;
IF YEAR GE 1920 THEN ONR2=G;ELSE ONR2=0;
IF YEAR LT 1932 THEN OND1=G;ELSE OND1=0;
IF YEAR GE 1932 THEN OND2=G;ELSE OND2=0;
IF YEAR LT 1920 THEN ON1=G;ELSE ON1=0;
IF YEAR GE 1920 THEN ON2=G;ELSE ON2=0;
IF G=1 THEN OFF=0; IF G=0 THEN OFF=1;
IF YEAR LT 1920 THEN OFF1=OFF;ELSE OFF1=0;
IF YEAR GE 1920 THEN OFF2=OFF;ELSE OFF2=0;
IF ON=1 THEN PRESDIF=(MRPRES-MDPRES)/ELIGIBLE;
ELSE PRESDIF=0;
RPRESDIF=PRESDIF;
IF YEAR=1912 THEN RPRESDIF=(MRPRES-MDPRES-MTR)/ELIGIBLE;
LRPDIF=LAG(RPRESDIF);
LPRESDIF=LAG(PRESDIF);
LMTCONG=LAG(MTOTCONG);
DIFOYTC=((MTOTCONG-LMTCONG)/MTOTCONG)*OFF;
IF YEAR GE 1920 THEN SHIFT=(YEAR-1919)-OFF;ELSE SHIFT=0;
IF YEAR GT 1930 THEN SHIFT=0;
IF YEAR GE 1932 THEN FDR=1;ELSE FDR=0;
IF YEAR GE 1920 THEN CPOINT=1;ELSE CPOINT=0;
CPCGNP=(((GNP*1000000)/ELIGIBLE)-((PREVGNP*1000000)/ELIGIBLE));
CGNP=(GNP-PREVGNP);
LGNP=LAG(GNP);
LINFLAT=LAG(INFLAT);
LABEL CPCGNP=CHANGE IN YEARLY PER CAPITA GNP;
LABEL CGNP=CHANGE IN YEARLY GNP;
LABEL RCONG=REPUBLICAN CONGRESSIONAL VOTE;
LABEL DCONG=DEMOCRATIC CONGRESSIONAL VOTE;
LABEL RPRES=REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL VOTE;
LABEL DPRES=DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL VOTE;
LABEL G=1 ON YEAR ELECTION, 0 OFF YEAR;
LABEL PRCONT=1 REP CONTROLS PRES., 0 DEM CONTROLS;
LABEL PDCONT=1 DEM CONTROLS PRES., 0 REP CONTROLS;
LABEL TOTPRES=TOTAL PRESIDENTIAL VOTE;
LABEL TOTCONG=TOTAL CONGRESSIONAL VOTE;
LABEL RREP=NUMBER OF REPUBLICAN REPRESENTATIVES;
LABEL DREP=NUMBER OF DEMOCRATIC REPRESENTATIVES;
LABEL TR=VOTE FOR T. ROOSEVELT, BULL MOOSE, 1912;
LABEL INFLAT=PRICE INDEX, 1967 IS 100;
LABEL PREVINFL=PRICE INDEX FOR THE PREVIOUS YEAR;
LABEL GNP=GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT IN 1958 DOLLARS;
LABEL PREVGNP=GNP FOR THE PREVIOUS YEAR;
LABEL TOTPOP18=TOTAL POPULATION 18 YEARS OR OLDER;
LABEL MDCONG=MOBILIZED DEM CONG VOTE PROP;
LABEL MRCONG=MOBILIZED REP CONG VOTE PROP;
LABEL MRPRES=MOBILIZED REP PRES VOTE PROP;
LABEL MDPRES=MOBILIZED DEM PRES VOTE PROP;
LABEL MTOTCONG=MOBILIZED TOTAL CONG VOTE PROP;
LABEL MTOTPRES=MOBILIZED TOTAL PRES VOTE PROP;
LABEL LMDCONG=LAG OF MOBIL. DEM CONG VOTE PROP;
LABEL LMRCONG=LAG OF MOBIL. REP CONG VOTE PROP;

PROC PRINT;VAR YEAR MRCONG MDCONG MDPRES MRPRES MTOTPRES;
RUN;
quit;